ࡱ> 8:567'` Rʪbjbj<rr`U)l X X X l ***8(+d,Tl hf,,----- $-ggggggg$jhjl:gX 3--33gX X --Vhggg3$X -X -gg3gggX X g-, TR*Xgglh0hglf^lglX g ,-.g/0/,-,-,-gg1g^,-,-,-h3333l l l *l l l *l l l X X X X X X  ~~ĉRv,g(NLuP(   NbXTT TNFUN~~vsQ|:N͑p _Θ(( Q[c FUN~~l-Nv:_6R'`Nc['`ĉ0~~z zqQ Tg^NFUN~~vQV{0L:NN#NĉR08^v㉤:N (WYtmS~~sQ|vNye ~~ĉR^OHQN~~bXTKN0bXTNlQSKNvT T~[0ezV^NyƋ NY*N҉^NbXTT T[~~sQ|SSuvq_T v^N~~lv,g(NLuP҉^ NYt~~sQ|NT TsQ|v6R^ĉR NvsQvt/ed0 Abstract Business associations operate through organizational rules in the process of internal decision making and external obligation performing or liability undertaking. This article offers an insight into the essential functions and boundaries of organizational rules, especially their relationship to the contracts between members themselves or between the members and the organization. It argues that the influential conception in Chinese law that the board and the shareholder meeting of a close corporation are separate independent bodies apart from the shareholders is misleading in several aspects: directors are normally shareholder, business decision are frequently made by the shareholders through informal meeting. Organizational rules in business association have three main functions. First, it separates the personality of the entity from the members of the entitys, and thus grantee the independence of the organization from the intervention of the members of the entity. Once the entity are incorporated or in other way organized, it then turns to be independent from the members and if the members do not perform their obligations such as the obligation to bring in capital, the organization can sue its member for the performance. Of course, since the members and the organization are both independent persons, the organization has no right to impose limitation on the share transfer between the members or from one member to an outside acquirer. Second, organizational rules can also be viewed as the rules for collective decision making. They set out the framework for the further negotiating between the members and are efficient in compare with the case for case decision making. Third, organizational rules serve the function to maintain the property independence of the corporation. This explain the ground why the organizational rules apply after the business association enter into transaction with third parties and why the organizational rules instead of the contract between members apply when the creditors right are concerned. Keywords Organization rules, Shareholder agreement, Corporate Charter and corporate bylaws, Derivative suit, Essentiality of organization law sQ.͋ FUN~~ TOT T lQSz z Cgl >muɋ ~~l,g( NDyVl Gesellschaftsrecht b FUN~~l business association law vW[b+TIN  ~~ v^\'`/fp_>fv0OY gf[\ >yVl [IN:NsQN yl'`vvVSO Privatrechtliche Zweckverbnde vl_bsQN yl'`~~ private Organisationen  l_0 NǏ{lav/f y Nv b VQN{O0`N`I{YQ __v^ NNmvNirvhQyr_0Vdk sSOy\O ~~ _N NI{NtN[1\[hQ_euNvQ-NvT T^\'`0 NONvz dN~ǏlQ{vُNY z^Y SwNKNvT TN/f_YvW@x'`l_eN0Q0RQR;NIN N{v NǏ/f[zT Tvnx ^:NTfwQW@x'`0SY sSO/flQSv~%N{t N T T_N gS%c\O(uvzz0bck/fQNُNSV (W[IN >yVl e _N g_Yf[:_vQte 1uyl NT Tnxzv gqQ TvhvOS\O /f yl^\'`vT\Olprivatrechtliches Kooperationsrecht  I{yr_0_VS_NlQSlf[Karsten Schmidt"}'`\QyaƖT(WNw :N>yVle g~~lv^\'` S gT Tlv^\'`0[dk {:N \O:Nib ُNc/fQnxv FON6R^vwQSO(u҉^ w NۏNekon~~lNT Tl(W>yV-NTꁄv(uLuP0 N NHQNNOS0>muɋRN0N TCglR N :NO Rg~~ĉRNT TĉRvNRSNTꁄv(uV ybċ[-NPS:_~~ĉRTammT TN~~ĉRv$NygzZPlgTNt҉^;`~nx[~~l,g(NLuPvN,ĉRv^_Q~RV0N 0 N0~~ĉRNNOS [-N [lQSvQV{T{t N8^8^NOS N/flQ_vz znx[0dk>NS&^egY0kY NOSvHeRYUONS&TǏOSq_TuP6RcNOvQV{CgNݏ̀OS(WNO Nbhy ^YUOYn 1udk\OQvNOQS&TdOSvQ[YUO[z zSuq_T(Wʑz ze &TPT TN7h SL6R[z zevwQSO`XNS_NNvSa 1lQS~~:ggvLCgVSvQP6R (W[(Wl N 9hnc~%{tNySuNNOS~{vHQTsQ| NOSSR:N$NyNy/f1\lQS~%{tNy NTNNOS N/fN'Y OQvb__bYpebhQSONaSNy/fNNHQbsQNlQS~%{tNyvOSprior contracts N NR+RcvQHeR0 1 NNTvhQSONOS (Wt N 8^:NYgNOS/fhQSONN\OQv sSgbNOQb[z zvO9e (WwlQST O[lQSSub_gR0vQt1u;NSOs(W$N*Neb0vQN ZWcNhQSONS~_glQS YEQR/{_N;N[shareholder primacy v‰_0vQN YpeNOSsSSb_glQSSvQcN \ gzz (uNOb\N)RvvNO z^6R^TcNOININR6R^  hQSON vBlRSNnxO\N)Rv NS_c[0 (W_Vl NvN*NHhO-N gePlQSoHG ze1935t^ (Wz z-Nĉ[ )RmRMkO/f50:25:25 FOVSbNvq_T 1940t^_Y S_NNvRMkO[E NSbN35:35:300bN~_gT vQ-N gvNTON ՋVVR_0RSegvRMkO N m0RvQNNTON vb~0_VTgؚlbBGH :N S_NNNTvL:NgbNǏhQSONKNNOS[z zvO9e Vdk ^NTegv[ERMkO:NQ0 dNNNTbhQSONav`b_ ؏kMRk  d^ lQSz zS gĉ[ b hQSONS g~[ ,{42ag,{1>kFOfN  0sS (Wz z*g\OvQNĉ[v`Q N =\{cN >NvhQBl/f{USYpe FO/f 2k N clQSe[KNQV{ĉR9eShQ z^,g N{~hQSONN Ta,{42ag,{1>kFOfNTk 0 1udkS N(WN'Y OY1\yr[~%{tNyb hQSON vae ^:NSuN$NB\HegvQN/fNhQSONve_O9eN~~SO1\勋NyۏLQ[hQ v z^'`ĉR vQN/f1\勋Ny,gbNhQSONva0 2 NNHQvOSNlQSLCgvP6R NFUN~%҉^ w NOSNebSNǏKN\NbNcNbvQNSNlQS~%{tlQSvCg)R OvQMQS'YN :kS N8T_YCg bDSNeb_NSN(WRNSΘibDbyRbDe Ǐ~[1uRNNbDLObhyCgv[c nxOvQ[lQS~%{tvc6R Te~[(WlQS N^b0Ryr[ĉ!je bDeS_N[kOv[teCg 6eVbD V [-Nv^(ug:NnfM0(WbV sQNNNHQOSNlQS~~0{tvsQ| NawQ gNh'`\O:NNOSv͑Nh  lQSzOS 1uhQSOSwNz S fNTSwNva`h:y tev/fSwNKNvCg)RINRsQ| V S(WSwNKNwQ gl_~_gR0 6q NevklRg\hf NNzOS vQNNOS_NSq_T~~ĉR [lQSNub_gR0 (WVl N sQNNHQ NOSshareholders( agreement gbLHeRvsQ.$RO/fRussell v. Northern Bank Development Corporation Ltd.Hh0Hh-N (WNylQSShQSONSRvOS-N~[*g~hQSONv Ta lQSNO N_Q[SLeb9eSkS_MRvCgv0Teg lQSwS_NO \XDR:NhQNy0SJTRussell[dkcQ_0 S1r\pQ NɋlbsVNSJTvBl SJTN/f~~ Nɋ0RgؚlbS_ev Nb Nb/ecNSJTvBl0(W$RQ-N NbHQcQ OSP6RNlQSNOQ[lQS͑'YNy vl[LCg Vdk[lQS NSuHeR0FO/fOSvvQNRv^ NVdkyP6R eHe V N[NwQ gb_gR (W_wvQNN gݏ~aVe 傡N3uyNinjunction lbONN/ec,gHh-N SJTv^*g3uyN FOlb(WQ-NcSNdkpS'` 0(WT~vQ*NHhN-N NbW,gZWcNُN‰p0 S_6q Yg2'`QeNm]eS OYlQS]\OQQ S_NNO NQ3uyNI{[Ee\L_vQeNm0Y(WExeter City AFC Ltd. v. Football Conference Ltd.NHh-N lb:NYgNOS~[ybkNLOgylQSl Nvl[Cg)RY(WlQSweQVXe3ucelQSv^ۏLn{ R勦~[(WNN gHe FO傡N][ELONCg)R RNOQN^ gHe FOݏ~N^bb_c[TP#N0 vkVlf w͑lQS\O:NrzNNMcQuade:NcN TelQSN}TvQ:N"R~ttreasurer g:N7500CQ0OS~[ Te_{=\g'YRRnxOMcQuadevcNDNbN0(WsQNYUObhyvN-N NXT/ecN,gHhSJTva0 NǏ (W[Ebhy-N JTb~ gNQ OSJT-NavNMOP N= 0 N[lb:NqQ TLObhyCgv~[ gHe 勦~[(W'`( NvS_NN*N NSdVvbhyNtproxy cCg u[Q~gvNSNNtSN*NNLObhyCg Vdk$RBllQS͑e >N00RN[e yrbNS]gؚlb}6q TaN[lbsQNT T gHev‰p FOv^ N:NT T-NS+TSdVb NSdVvNtcCg Te_N:N_Nl g͑e >Nv_0 NǏ vQg~veHhakN[f:N oۏ e6qJTNvbhyݏSNNyT TINR S_vQeNm^S_/f&T[動bhyL:N \cknxvbhy~g^z(Wu[T TINRvW@x N ۏ $RQb6RJT,g^\OQvbhy b ͑enx[NNOvhQ~g0 $ROlvnSoۏ f[[McQuade v. StonehamNHhvybċNSsQN NOSSR N^S__0Rb v|TTg~bel@b0(WyrbNSnflQSlDGCL -N [,{140agvĉ[d^l_blQSz z gfnxĉ[ &TR NUOlQSv~%N{tGW^1uvQcNOۏL ,{350agfnx0Wĉ[NOY sS lQS-NNKNsQNP6RcNLCgv~[ gHe 0_N1\/f \O:N~~SOvlQS }6q N/fNT TvS_NN FOYgT TS_NN/fhQSON bT T@bmSvNc gYpeN uT T@bmSvNe N/fN SNe/fNv^c gvS_Nvhy gsQ~[Svc[vQSuHeR0SY tN_Qnx0OϑNݏSOSL:N@b bv_c[ :NNEQROS_NN(WNOS-NvCg)R Vl(WSU\-Nek9eSNvQT Tl N@bnxzv_c[TPĉR N[Ee\Lspecific performance \O:NݏSdk{|OSvQeNmKbk0vMR VlbW,g N eNOY0WgbLlQSQDN@b g?abvOSvoluntary agreements of all sorts  0 NVlSR N NbNOS[lQSvHeRsSOlQS/fOSvS_NN TVlN$ROl0belb:ylfnxbvQHeRvZPl N T _Vl(Wbel Nv^*gfnxĉ[ FO(WSl[-NbNOS[lQSv~_gR0 (W1959t^vN*NHhO-N hQSONNlQSS gcNObXT~[ (WcNObXTLT lQS>e_BlvQ_c[TP#NvCg)R0(WcNObXTLT lQSN*gu[勦~[ ǏNOQ[cNcww`CgKNɋ NO:NT~v_c[TPKNɋ\OQY0cNObXTN/fcwɋ BldN'YOQ0(W1987t^vN*NHhO-N lQShQSON(Wz zKNY~[ >NAePg0WbNlQS~%N0TeglQSS_NO bMQNvQlQS~%NvDN:N~%NAnspruch auf Wiederbestellung 0S_6q [Ngؚlbvz:W _N gf[cS[va0YUwe Hffer:N gPlQS/frzvlN;NSO vQrzv "NN~% N^S~lQS{vlQ:yv z zKNYNOSvq_T0hQSON*g\vQ~[QeQz zv^RNlQ:y HN @buvNS NǏ/f(WNNvNSu ] ^(WNNKN㉳Q N/f\lQSurmۏeg0 9hncvQhsb__ NOSSNR:N$Ny{|W0{|WN:Nq_TlQS~~{tvOS YMcQuadeHh-NP6RcNbcNO~%{tLCgv~[{|WN:NĉbP6RNhQCgvOS YƖSObhyOSpooling agreements 0bhyCgYXbproxies 0bhyCgOXbvoting trusts I{P6RbhyCgۏ q_TNOQV{v~[0,ge:N \(W'YYpe gPlQSNSRNNpe\vNlQS-N ^[ُ$N{|OS[lQSvb_gR0 [NMRN{|OSvSgbL'` ONtSNcONNʑ Nv/ec0 cgqNf9(ut ^:WTON/fvNfNv~Nm;mR~~b__ ǑSUOyb__ SQNNf9(uKN'Y\0s[-NONvuN~%;NO`ON~~TON[cNۏLvSV(WN ُ7hZPvb,gkPR^:W~~uNfNO (Wُ*NaIN N  [P_ v~~bureaucratic hierarchical organization NSv^v~~'`ĉR  ;N/fQ萄vcNN{tĉR  nx gX[(Wv_0HN PRUOyl_6R^ gdkyHeg \NNegcS^YXbNNt^\0(WL]NONKN0ؚ{NONKN 8^X[(WRRT Tb gRT TsQ| gN`Q N؏USrX[(WNtCgcNvsQ|0TONvNKNNYdk (Wl N TONNt;`/fv^R f[ N8^:NTO,g( N NǏ/fTONN:NNtNvsQ|01udkSN_Qvc/f (WTTONN:NNtNYXbe YXbNNSXbNv~[0YXbN[SXbNvc:y NtN[NtNCgPvP6R Ov^e NuHevt1u0[E N 9hnc 0TOONl 0vĉ[ TONSN~[YXbN*Nbpe*NTON[YNhON gbLTONR,{26ag,{1>k (Wُy`Q N S_6q^AQvQ Te[gbLTONKNCgPۏLP6R0傡l g~[ (WTONR+RgbLTONRe gbLNRTON_NSN[vQNTONgbLvNRcQ_,{29ag,{1>k 0l_uĉ[ (W_cQT ^f\P勋NyvgbL ,{29ag,{2>k 0k gPlQS(W^\'` NS_6qkTOfۏNek keu0Wb gl_NfW0NNV[v~hf ~'YYpe gPlQS1u5 TN NvN~b vQ~%_N8^/fN0Vdk NsQNlQS~%{tNyv~[ hb N/fq_TNlQS P6RNcNؚ{vrzϑ FO(WcNNNvNv͑Te O NQGrb0WYdk[ _QvQ\O:NN^u[ \O:NcNR N^SP6Rv~0S_6q tNTOCNlQSrz;NSOv0WMOnl_v[ &TAQS_NNǏ~[9eSl_~[vTOONblQSv~~~g Nk ʑe_N8^SLSwNgRva` $\vQ(WlQSvNꁾzT*gSuSfv`Q N0(WTN*NHhN-N lb:N tNlQSvNbzNN*gSf Vdk (Wʑz ze NSn0WQzKNeS_NNva`0vS 9hncf[[BGH$RQvۏNekʑ lQSNꁾzTSuNSS SbNet^vRY O0R~bNb~N RSegv;N‰ʑSSNlS:N[‰ʑ0SY f[YFlumeI{cQ @wNNpevXR lQSz z[‰ʑv z^_Nv^X:_0_N1\/f }6q T7hwQ g~~^\'` FOTOOS0 gPlQSz zNNpeYvNlQSvz zN g>fW]+R0k (WMR$Ny~~b__-N ~~bXTsSTON0 gPlQSvNݍyTO~~b gPlQSqQ Tvvkя0~~vvv ___N/f~bbXT*NNvvv Vdk(Wʑ N؏^S_Q~~bXTvV } Ee^S_S__eQ;N‰ʑ (WNlQS-N N$\vQ/f N^NlQSvN ݍy~~vqQ Tvv܏ lQS)RvwQ g:_vrz'` VdkN*NNa`0z zzvǏ zI{[z zʑv͑'`1\ g@bbcb0S_6q NKN S/f{|WSTypik ^l_SR'`Rechtsprinzip v]_ l_ Nv{|WNc'`i_N7h S/f:NNeOR_~ wQSO$Ree ؏^S_ TyNb__vFhg cNRKN[(ۏL$Re0ُ_N/f:NNHN N*N2 TN~bvNlQSz z^S_\O;N‰ʑ N*N50Nv gPTOvTOT T^S_\O[‰ʑ vSV0 3\~ (W_V gP#NlQSlGmbHG 6R[e sQNvQ[MO Nv g$Nya0Nya/fNFUlxQHGB ĉ[vePlQS:NW@x :_NT^\'` Te\O:NNePlQSv:S+R yr+Rĉ[SNN g gP#NSNy/fNN gPlQSlAktG :NW@x :_DTN~~lv^\'`0=\{Teg6R[v gPlQSlǑ~NTNya Ǐ)QNlQSl 6R[N gPlQSl FOzl_v-N gPlQSvxQWVofLeitbild N/f N\ĉ!j~%v 0 1uSpevQ*NSNN~^ SNN]bN~%Nv>yV 0 Ǐ Nev SN wQ gPlQSNTO-N~|vT TKNvsQT*gVl_ N\vQĉ[:N lN Q6qee01udkeg [hQZWcz zNNOSv:SR0T TĉRN~~ĉRv:SRv‰p \1\NNpe\v\lQS'YYpe gPlQSTNNpe\vNlQS v^^l g:o0 bV 0lQSl 0(WYYO(uN hQSONS g~[vdY vh0N NRg w ُNĉ[asT@w gNQ[}6qS N/f(W~~vFhg NZPQv FOS T7hwQ g~~l NvHeg Svc[lQSSub_gR0(WNN`Q N sSOl_ N\Oĉ[ NS gdkyHeg0 (WtB\b SNPYtTONNTOvsQ|N7h (WN[ z^ N\NNlQSI{ T_NSN\ُN~[ʑ:N[z zvP6RbO9e؏SNvc\ُN~[ʑ:NlQSvQ[ YNhQSON0WNOS1\NOLCgVQvNyZPQNQ[ (WwlQST sS^NNOQv T[_0 N0~~ĉRN>muɋ gNeg ǏRuPS0W:_lQSrzNmuɋ:NO Sl[R NgcO[(Nav`^ y _͑͑0 (W/n -NmVE gPlQSɋ Nwmx~8fSU\ gPlQSI{ NckS_zNHh-N TDONv$N TNSuN0c g40%Nv-NeN(WTDONKNYSL~^lQS uNNTDONv TvNT v^O(uNTDONFUh0FUSI{яmuɋ:ONEQRvNNsQlY ؏(WN[lNDmuɋ6R^SN/f u NWll Nv TOKNɋ actio pro socio N~~rz'`tKNv6R^0MR:N TTON[VSOvvKN[sGW gQDNOۏINR Vdk(WgNTON Ne\LINRe vQNTONSNBlvQe\L0(WُNt N bXTǏ~~TO [vQNbXTcwɋ eNUOx0TR:_~~vcNv0~[vrz'`0NegvVl:NO (W1843t^vFoss v. HarbottleHh-N fcQ@b yVvT T'`W@x _euNvQ~~v^\'` ;N _ُNINR NNX[(WN~~bXTKN (W_'Y z^ N_N/fbXT[~~vINR v^NTf:N͑0(W~~NbXTKN ~~)Rv:NOHQNbXT*NNv)RvbXT NWN*NNvQ b~e\LyINR 0Vdk(W$RegyQ[/f&T[lQS gve ~~NS~~s gv{t:gg_NOHQN~~bXT*NN0_N1\/f cQ>muɋvCg)R/fNyeEQ'`vCg)R N(W~~l gckS_t1ub~LOe bXTMb_LO0 vQN ckƉlQSv^6q'`SvQ\O:NCg)R;NSOv^~g'`(WL:N N  lQSKNa`b_bNa`h GW{NV\O:NlQS:gsQbS_Nv6qN (W"N N lQS}6q g]vrz"NTrzv lQS)Rv FOvQ~vz؏/fR_^\NN0@b gُN Bl[lQS~~ǑSN*N v[ v`^ _evTYvQ T\OT T corporation contract v[(0NklvSU\eg w @w>yO~Nmvoۏ S,gZWc~~rztvVlbTeg_NƋ0RُNtv _zNSS bv NlQ v^(WT~vzl-NۏLNOck0bV(W2006t^ 0lQSl 0,{152ag nxzv>muɋ6R^YUOf:Np`S_0W(u /fk0N>kT SNSRNNOO0FOlQSv^*g\SNReQN TQ _N*gTvQ~{SQDffN0Vt^T SNcwɋ Bllb~bke\LCglT T BlQNԏ؏l>챹Ս)Ǹ峦10(S*g*gRtCgSf{v:N1u BldCglOS0 [MRNHhN wQCgZvRg:N }6qlQScNO](WQ-NcCgQNRtCgSfKb~ FO]FU{vNv*gSf lQS_N*gTSN~{SQDffNSSfN TQ0Vdk (WT T~{TvVt^ T TlvCgl gSuCg)RSR SN gCgBl~bkT T0 (WTN*NHhN-N lbR:NݏSNSf{vINRv^ N[T Tvd0,gHh-N CglOSuHeT SN؏SRNNO LONNCg)R ]FU{v*gNSfN[SNNDyVvbXT vQSR ;N^ON*NNvQ[ gY_NSmSvQNN NlQSem0&TR\weQNOYpeQ{tlQS lQSQQ[CgvYnv_s*`W0Vdk N TQv}0]FU{vvSfI{1ulQSO~[bv z^'`ek eeQ[CgSRHeRvt1u01u/f‰KN \Cgvl wZP/fCg)Rvl (u:PCgNKNN,ĉR_VllxQ,{413 398ag vZPl f:NYS_0Odk!j_ CgNTabv Te8^CglT TuHesSScwCgNTaKN\Ob SNsSS_Cgv^_NDk 0_N1\/f (WNNVSv`Q N Ua,{ NNS g(WMRKbl-NvSNg3t^ NRtSfKb~e Mb gSUaS_@bmCg0YgǑ(u Nt s[-N_YHhNvYt\f:NTt MQǏROPyltv0 OY (WN*NHhO-N NQlQSN1998t^10g27e~]FU:gsQybQbz {vvN:N _eN0 _elQDёNl^50NCQ01999t^3g25e NQlQSSflQS Ty:N[flQS01999t^4g29e JT _eNN$NSJT~{NN NOSfN ~[ NeqQ TbD1821693CQbz[flQS NeNGWI{0qQbΘi#N0qQ TRN~%)Rm0qQ TSN~%{tQV{bhyQ[ $NhyN N:N gHe0 NOSfN NRv gJT[flQSlQz0dkT NSJTBlnxvQNN v^RNlQS)Rm0 lb:N[flQSbz(WHQ Vdk NQ!k bz 1999t^4g29ev NOSfN  | NeS_NNP(u[flQS TINۏLTO~%vb__}SO0$NSJT NV[EbeQRDёS[ESN{t b:NlQSN 0lQS NQ!k bz ُN‰pNt gnc FOlb[ NOSfN '`(vyVKN>yXTُNB\b NNlQSSusQ| Vdk (WMRecSvCglvsQ|-N SSuNvl_sQ| elQSKNNeQ0 2N~~ĉRcOQV{N{t:g6R (WlQSz{v[bT d(W[YsQ| NS_SbNNv[v rz;NSODyVKNz z d^/fnNl_ vQQ[Q[NzT T-N@bSOsvS_NNva` S gzTvSfMbQ[NVSOKrperschaft bXTva_0,{NIHhlQ^T NW\KQGierke :NNhv ĉRt Normentheorie b VSOL:Nt Gesamtakttheorie v!P[:N IHh@bǑ~vT TtVertragstheorie NY :N>yVKNbz v^^nNTSwNvzT T /fnNhQSObXT USevVSOL:N einseitiger Gesamtakt T Tl0l_L:Nf[;N(uN*NSOL:N eN(uNVSO0ُNf[:N vkT TL:Nbl_L:N VSOb_bvQz zvǏ z fcяzlvǏ z0(WgTvlxQ-N W\KQvt(W_'Y z^ N_N T ~ǏW\KQv_ s(Wv,{25ag[hQ w N0RsQN a` vW[7h0 S_6q 6R^v NN\PYuNvQeW[KNhsb__0(WfmNB\v̀of N $Ny N TvʑS fN[>yVv N Tvl_Ƌ MR@bS fv/fylꁻlv‰_ TRfY/f~>y1uv‰_0 cgq/O\fvRg W\KQv;N _^z[(WWll N >yV universitas, corpus, collegium i_vyb$RNS[YeOl N>yV6R^corporation law vPtKN N0W\KQ:N NgXN<\eNw Wll N\V[0[YeyV TeNv^vcCgP6R>yVvCgR _'Y z^ N/f:NN~lckS_Sv0Nu󁤋:N 'k2mASVN~MRTN6R;NINv*jL _'Y z^ N1\/f\VSOt^z(WWlli_ NvTg V:NُNWllt1\/f^z(W*N+RNSNc6R>yVُyt_vW@x Nv0(WN weg YeOl NSe3fl Nvv>yVrz‰_f g)RN>yOlt0S_6q }6q T7h:_~~SOvrz'` W\KQ(W~~a_vegn NN[Ye~~؏/f g͑:S+Rv e3fl N >yV Gnossenschaft vvvv^^egNyb^ybNvfؚCgZ /fNNegꁃ[ꁫQ _N1\/f NNegꁎN bXTN:N0RNN]@b[vvh ?av~T 0(WnxzdkpT W\KQMbۏNekco:N ~~KNrz'` sSrzNYRSb*N+RbXTKNr^mv^\'` wQ g_lb1u0bbN6Rv9h,g'`aIN0 ;`KN =\{W\KQS_ev;N _g~[N_VllxQIHh,{N?zveW[SR FO(WeW[lmT vQ̀TvO_KNN_NO@wev~Ǐbabam1Y MONRKN[sSSO|N;vW0YMR@b sQN~~v^\'` vMR_Vf[ Nv;NAm‰pSN/f[l_L:NtTĉRtvteTvQN SwNKNvsQ|(W>yVck_bzMR/f:Pl NvT TsQ| >yV(WbzT ONSSwNRy S_rzKNl_0WMONa`0L:NRvQN Y Ne@b ~~CNN:Nb6R0wQ g N[hQ'` V SNOT TeEQ0 2 \O:NQV{N{t:g6Rv~~ĉR (W~NmHesvƉ҉ N lQSv~~ĉRSƉ:NQV{:g6R0vQ,g(/fKNlQSN'Y ON~g'`vQ[Cg N D,gYpeQ bvQN{|fI{_c[lQSCgv~~ NɋHh-N JT ze>f/fSJT0NSoNY>m(WTDlQS~v%foNvcN 1uNJTNNN_c[TDlQSۏ _c[N0NSoNvL:N 0NSoN2kfbccN0FO1uN0NSoNel__YeNv Ta TeTDlQSvz zSĉ[ T%Te gCgY>mTfbccN _{__[e Ta v^fNbwcNO N/fweQelfbccNvVX0 [NHh Џ(uOININR6R^ۏLYt RsQ./f$ReYeNb~(WfbccNvNy N Ta-NeNvRL:NvTl'`Y>mcNCN/fN(WTDON-Nv͑Cg)R gMOcNvnx_c[NY>mvQvNv)RvSTDONv)Rv sSY>mevfbc;N _ gTt9hnce SNeNetb~ \gb[OININRvݏS0lbSN(W[vQݏSOININRT $RQ:_6R勡N\OQ Tava`h:y0 (WwQSOv$RQ-N [tlbl g bOININRv㉳QeHh /fN[ z^ NN~~ĉRv҉^ۏLNRg0lb:NJTN0NSoNKNvl_sQ|'`(^:NYXbsQ|09hnc 0T Tl 0 YXbNbSXbNSedYXbT T,{410ag 0Vdk0NSoNUSe\OQvdbc ze>f(W~v%flQSbNvcN0cNLRvQ[ &{TT Tlvĉ[TYXbT Tvlt0(Wُ*NaIN N TDONz z-N T%Te gCgY>mTfbccN _{__[e Ta vQ[  NT Tlv Nĉ[v` N,gSvwv Eeĉ[ NwQ gl_HeR0 lbv Na_'Y z^ N(W~~sQ|-N/{_NT TĉvZPl0 NǏ NlYeINf[v҉^ N w :Nz zv~[ݏST Tlvĉ/f Nbzv V:NsSO(WYXbT T-N S_NN_NSN~[cd,{410agv(u0YS_vʑ ^S_\Rg^z(Wُ7hv‰_ N N/f@b gv~~lĉ^%Nk,{1S sScN 1uT%TeY>mTdbc vĉ[ vQ,ga1\/fKNN1ufbc>mQcNvCg)RtNTDlQSvcNO(W'`( NvS_NlQSvNO-NYTDONl,{agO(uN CgR:gsQ vi_ ُTlNNSefbclQSQ-^NOvNhvQL:NkeN0[E N bVS~nlQSl,{27ag,{1>k1\ĉ[NlNcNTNhNcN6R^ ,{3>k Teĉ[YXbN _OvQLRsQ| e9e>mNhN N eSNg _VNlQSl,{103ag,{2>k_Nĉ[ĉ[:N:_L'`ĉ >mcCgNSNe9eS>mc MQd>񱷄vٍmuɋvW,glt0vQV (WNVvlQSl6R^-N dNl_cOvc['`ag>kY Se gHevSlQeNmN/f͑v~bR0ُyQeNmeSbNTcONv㉳Q nS _NSbNHQv2Tybk YybkN0(W26R^Sv`Q N NSN(Wlbv/ec N )R(u~~ĉR4NeFOSe0W6RbkcNbvQNNv@bNNv g_clQS)RvvL:N 6qTQ Bl~~l Nv QeNm YbMQlQScNbNlQS TINcwɋI{0 bVvSl[1uNNN'` k:0SlDn'} _I{YySV N[ NS_NN/fel[Bldk{|2'`QeNmv0YgQǏ^%Nk,{1y MQdTevT TINRsSOdTNu_c[TP#N _NN@\PNS_NNvQsQ| 0FOSu[YNfT `QO g@b N TsSOBTCY?a d NT T l__NNOBlvQNANw [TOgv[Y:PRbbޏ&^nP#NNyT TKNYv  ,ge@byv ~~l Nv#N 0ُ/fNy@wk 0 N0~ Ne gvxvzvk ,ge(Wf[lvaIN NO(uN ~~ ُNi_0e/fl_ĉ ؏/fz zag>k (Wnxz;NSODDHJRT0 4 r t   ɷɟɟɟɗ}vfffhFhImHnHo(sHtH hhIhHkhInHtHh5~hInHtHhIhInHtHhInHo(tHhFhImHnHsHtH" j*hFhI0JaJnHtHhFhInHo(tHhFhInHtH hFhI j*hFhI0JmHsHhFhIo((>JT 6:@`gdIgdI $`a$gdI`gdIgdI $`a$gdI$a$gdIgdIRvȪ  *,48:>@`djnLNZ\BD|(ȼ|g|讀)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtH!jhFhI0JUnHtHjhFhI0JUhFhInHtHhFhInHo(tHhFhImHsHhFhImHo(sH.hFhI5CJKH,\aJ,mHnHsHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtH((,\^lptvBLNJ  0 2 شااɴɧشɛشɉɴhFhIo( hFhIhFhImHsHhFhImHo(sHhImHnHo(sHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhInHtHhFhInHo(tH22 P !#$`'2(X(+,v.01H4792;>?pAtD"FvNQQ`gdIgdIgdIgdI2 4 6 N P !@!!!!""""""*"J"Z"`"p"x"""#"####$$4$6$T$V$~~o~~~Z)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtHhIPJmHnHo(sHtH hFhIPJmHnHsHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtH#hFhIPJmHnHo(sHtHhFhInHtH!jhFhI0JUnHtHhFhInHo(tHhFhImHsHhFhImHo(sH#V$$$$$Z%^%b%d%%%%%& &Z&^&b&d&&&&&D'H'L'N'\'^'`'''0(2(4(6(V(X(j(((((((\)`)))*"**ƿƶhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhImHnHo(sHtHhFhIPJ hFhIhFhIo(hInHo(tH!jhFhI0JUnHtHhFhInHtHhFhInHo(tH3**+++++++++$+&+>+@+T+V+j+++P,R,,,,,V-X--->.˹mZMhFhIPJnHtH%jhFhI0JPJUnHtH5jhFhI0JOJPJQJUmHnHsHtH" jhFhIPJaJnHtH hFhIPJmHnHsHtHhFhIPJnHo(tH#hFhIPJmHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtH>.@.D.F.t.v..6/8/000P0R00111111111112 22"2$2N2\2`2p22222223&333333xxxxxxxxxxxxxx#hFhIPJmHnHo(sHtH hFhIPJmHnHsHtHhInHtHhFhInHo(tH!jhFhI0JUnHtHhFhInHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtH/34 404@4F4H44444445(5h5x5555555P6T666667777777p8x899h9r9.;ͽͽͽͽͽͽ͍kͽ(hFhIOJPJQJmHnHsHtHhFhIPJnHtHhFhIPJnHo(tHhImHnHo(sHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtH hFhIPJmHnHsHtH#hFhIPJmHnHo(sHtH*.;0;2;B;J;p;;;;;;;;;F<L<h=j= >2>P>R>>>>>>2?:?????@@@@@@BADAlAnApA~AAAξ۾ξ۾۾۾۾꾯꯾ξꐃwhFhInHo(tHhFhIPJnHtHhFhIPJnHo(tH hFhIPJmHnHsHtHhnhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtH.AAAAAC:C>C@CrCCCCpDrDtDDDDDDDDDEE*ENERE^ElE|EEEEEE F"F@GGGGGGGGGGHHHIIIIIJJJJJJJJJJKKKK˾ﾲhImHnHsHtHhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHFKzL|LMMMMMM*N.NRNlNrNtNvN PPPPPPPPQQQ Q$QPQQQQQQ.RXRZRJSLSRSZShS̛̛̰̰̰̰̰̽̽̽̽̽̽̽̽̽~m~ hFhIPJmHnHsHtHhFhIPJnHo(tHhFhIo( hFhI)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtHhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtH#jhI0JUmHnHsHtH" *h6hImHnHo(sHtH*QLSUZZ\]__z`b`d6fhJjllnmn`p6rtvxy}N$a$gdIgdIgdIgdIhSjSSSSSSS$T&T(T0TdTfThTjTvTxTzT~TTTTTTTUjUpUUUUUVVVWWW߻߮߮߮߮ߤ߮߮߻xcxc)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtHhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhIPJnHtHhFhIPJnHtH%jhFhI0JPJUnHtH hFhIPJmHnHsHtHhFhIPJnHo(tH#hFhIPJmHnHo(sHtH&WWWWWW:XDXbXYYYYYYZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ[[([*[T[Z[[[[[n\~\\\ڿڿzmmhImHnHo(sHtHhFhIo( hFhI hFhIOJPJQJnHtHhInHo(tHhFhInHtH!jhFhI0JUnHtHhFhInHo(tHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtH*\\\]] ^"^^"_D_H_____x`z`````\ababbۿ}j}]}]}F-jhFhI0JOJPJQJUnHtHhFhIPJnHtH%jhFhI0JPJUnHtHhFhIPJnHo(tH hFhIhFhIo(hFhInHtHhInHo(tH!jhFhI0JUnHtHhFhInHo(tHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtHbbbbbbcc2c6c^d`d4f6fpff`gbggggggghRhThhhFjHjJjkkjknkk,l.l4l~b~j~l~n~ϿϣϴϴϴϣϴϴϣϴϿۈ{{{{{{{{{hFhIPJnHtHhFhIPJnHo(tHhImHnHo(sHtH!jhFhI0JUnHtHhFhInHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhInHo(tHhFhImHnHsHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtH0n~p~t~~~TVLNfh(*΄քԲԧʼnuuudu!jhFhI0JUnHtHhFhInHo(tHhFhIo( hFhIhFhImHsHhFhImHo(sHhFhInHtH%jhFhI0JPJUnHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhIPJnHtHhFhIPJnHo(tH'Nhƈ։ȍH 0:H &xL`gdIgdI`gdIgdIgdIgdIք؄ڄ܄ބ (*.02tvxz "&068ĈƈXԉ։ǷǪءؖؖؖطxhFhImHnHsHtHhFhIo( hFhIhFhInHtHhInHo(tHhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtH!jhFhI0JUnHtHhFhInHo(tHhFhIPJnHtHhFhIPJnHo(tH-։؉ډH`npȋދ$BČƌRTƍȍpr (*,؏xz&@ƑȑFH .0֔ؔشɴشششؤشؘششhFhInHo(tHhFhI6mHnHsHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHsHhFhImHo(sH<ؔNPȕ̕hjlĖƖ68:lv .4FH﹬ﬠzzkbhInHo(tHh{phImHnHsHtHhIB*nHphtHhIB*nHo(phtHhImHnHsHtHhFhInHo(tHhImHnHo(sHtH#jhI0JUmHnHsHtHhFhImHnHsHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtH J hnҞ؞¢ƢȢDJNPƣ"Ĥ~~~~~~~~~~m__hIB*nHo(php0tH ho *hIB*nHo(php0tHhFhInHtHhInHo(tH hX[hIB*nHo(phtHh mRhIB*nHphtHhIB*nHo(phtH h mRhIB*nHo(phtHhInHtHh mRhInHo(tHhFhInHo(tHjhI0JUnHtH%ĤƤ$&<@l§ħ vxz"$468֪تôôèôèèèshh_hInHo(tHhFhInHtH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtHhFhIo( hFhI!jhFhI0JUnHtHhFhInHo(tHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhIB*nHphp0tHhIB*nHo(php0tH$jhI0JB*UnHphp0tH$JLNPЯ԰ְذܰ~޲@BHJLNPRhj|滫滫rrrrrrhFhIPJnHtHhFhIPJnHo(tHhInHo(tH)jhFhI0JUmHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtH!jhFhI0JUmHsHhFhInHtHhFhInHo(tHhImHnHo(sHtH,ذBRкPRPn*6$ *lgdI hWD`hgdIgdIgdI`gdI`gdIҴԴPR\^µƵȵBDFHpr`d·ķƷ̷ηNP^`ǼǼǼǼǼǼǼǼǼǼǼǼǼǫǝǫǫǼǼjhI0JUaJnHtHhFhIaJnHo(tH!jhFhI0JUnHtHhFhInHtHhFhInHo(tH hFhIPJmHnHsHtHhFhIPJnHtHhFhIPJnHo(tH7κкʼмԼּܼ޼NPRTV*268>JNPTVln»۹۵󠘠hFhI0JnHtHhInHtHhInHo(tH j*hFhI0JhIU hFhIhFhIo(!jhFhI0JUnHtHhFhInHtHhFhICJnHtHhFhInHo(tH4 ~~'`ĉRKN͑R(WNnxz~~KNNyOyf[xvz2009t^^N,yv 0lYeINf[vW,g }xvz 0yvybQS09YJC820003 v6k'`bg0SeShN 0lf[xvz 0 2011t^,{3g ,{94-111u0 (( SN'Yf[lf[boRYec0  dN gP#NlQS0N gPlQSSN{v:NONlNY 0lQS{v{tagO 02005 ,{2ag cgq gsQl_N@b g6R:NhQvR{| hQl@b g6RON0ƖSO@b g6RONTYDONI{SN{v:NONlN0ugN^lQSON g3NCQNl^vlQDё1\SN{v:NONlN0bV 0ONlN{v{tagOeL~R1988t^11g6R[ 2000t^Ock 0,{14agĉ[  3uONlN{v ^S_wQY NRagNYFUbDONSR & N g&{Tĉ[pev^N~%Vv^vlQDё vQ-NuN'`lQSvlQDё N_\N NASNCQNl^ N T NybSNR:N;NvFUN'`lQSvlQDё N_\N NASNCQ T gR'`lQSvlQDё N_\NASNCQ vQNONlNvlQDё N_\N NNCQ V[[ONlQDёpe gNyĉ[v cĉ[gbL0  (Wُ*Nwwv i Q =\{ǑSlQSb__v lN vpeϑ NY FO@b gُNlNSvQ@b gN g gP#NvOb0YbV 0llR 0,{49agvĉ[ hQl@b g6RONlNNV[cN[~%{tv"NbblN#N0ƖSO@b g6RONlNNON@b gv"NbblN#N0-NYTD~%ONlN0-NYT\O~%ONlNTYDONlNNON@b gv"NbblN#N l_S gĉ[vdY 0   -NVvzl& & [NlNT gP#N~(WNNw N \rzv"Nyr_ ^y#WS 0 \ 0\O:N>yVvlN 0 } 0-NYlf[ 0 2004t^,{6g ,{762u0  NT TvƉ҉ w_ON v^^lf[xvz@br g0~Nmf[t N_N gbON w\O/f)RvvsQQY~ƖTv;N _ v^:N/fsNONtg͑vSU\KNN0vQ8h_‰p/f:NQY~[cvcq_TON@b gCgvMn~g QY~v3z['`SQNiRYO"}SCgTc6RCgv[y z^ QY~v bS(W_'Y z^ NS6RNQY~b__[Nf9(uvq_T0Nlf[ NvN,Ƌ N T  QY~ b T~ I{i_(W~Nmf[ NvO(u fY@wy 2001t^eSHrHr:N1997t^ 0~Nmf[Ɖ҉v-Ne~ Yhg^tI{ 0Nf9(uNON@b gCgRMT~v b 0 } 0~Nmxvz 0 1998t^,{9ghg^tI{ 0 N[hQQY~t  N*N~ 0 } 0~Nmxvz 0 2006t^,{2g0  (WlQSlf[v݋-N  1uN:_6R /f8^_wvN*NsQ.}TYWWe 0lQSlxvzvl_~Nmf[+TIN 0 } 0lf[xvz 0 2006t^,{5g 0,gev NdkN g:S+R0(W 1uN:_6R v틃X N @bv;N/fz zSN(WY'Y z^ N9eS 0lQSl 0vĉ[ ,ge@bv /fz z@bNhv~~'`ĉRNvQN^z z~[vsQ| NS~~v;NSODNcNeۏLbhyOS2 nx[lQS~%{tNXTvN 3 nx[RbhQSONNlQSvgǖcOT TsQ|4 nx[NLNlQSvNvl5 nx[N[lQSNRbeQveSvQ/f&TSNNNvQNNR6 nx[NMObYMON&TQlQSNO QvCg)R7 nx[R~ĉR8 nx[NNv㉳Qĉ0Robert B. Thompson, O Neal and Thompson s Close Corporations and LLCs, Thomson/West, 2005, 5:2.  ُ/fPtPaul L. Davies@b\OvR{|0SDavies, Gower and Davies Principles of Modern Company Law, Eighth Edition, 2008, Sweet & Maxwell, pp. 677-680.  Vl N g{|k the members of the company may, by unanimous agreement, bind or empower the company, regardless of any limitation in its constitution Final Report I, para. 7.17 0ag>kg~*gǑ~ ;N/fzlQN(NavQ ^NYu gnflۏLte V2006t^lQSl,{281ag,{4>kyr0W:Nlb1\dkNyۏLQYu NNzz0Paul L. Davis, supra note, 2008, pp.419 ff.  BGH NJW 1966, 826; Karsten Schmidt, a.a.O., S. 91-92.  sS~~ĉRNT TĉRN(WNhQSON9eSz z v`Q NMb gSSuNbc01udk_3u y\z zTT Tv]_R_~:NlQ:y'`T T NlQ:y z zlQ:y N~_gRT TN~_gS_NN HQMRN6R[vz z[T~N g~_gR v‰pueN 0lQSlf[ 0 ؚI{YeQHr>y 2006t^ ,{2Hr ,{171u O*g[hQS[(0Neb Yg@bmSv/flQSQ萄v{tNy lQ:yN&Tv^e,g(v:S+RSNeb (W~_gR N z zTT TN7h GW NꁨR[esQ,{ NNSuHeR eN-NvL:N T7hSN w\O/f[S gz zvcS YdkNeg vQSu~_gRve_NT TOv^e,g(v:S+R0\ 0nflQSl 0 -NVNl'Yf[QHr>y 2009t^ ,{117-118u0  ueN 0lQSlf[ 0 ,{NHr ؚI{YeQHr>y 2006t^ ,{171ue^-Ngb{ 0  [1992] 3 All ER 161.   & no further share capital shall be created or issued in the company& without the written consent of each of the parties hereto. Eilis Ferran, The Decision of the House of Lords in Russell v. Northern Bank Development Corporation Limited, 53 Cambridge Law Journal 343, 344 (1994).  9hncS_evV1985t^ 0lQSl 0,{121agNSTable A,{32ag lQSSNN{USQQ[XD0  Ferran, supra note, 53 Cambridge Law Journal 343, 344-345 (1994).  Thomas et al., The Law and Practice of Shareholders Agreements, Third Edition, LexisNexis, 2009, pp. 55 f.  [2004] EWHC 2304 (Ch); [2004] 4 All ER 1179.  Thomas et al., supra note, pp. 58 f. ^D&^cQv/f(WlVl N  9hnc\ N[hQvN~  NBl[Ee\LNOS$\vQ/fbhyOSvBl 8^O_0Rlbv/ec0wQSOvZPl /f1u'}%`[tl[ N}TNeg2SSuv_c[0YN}TN*N{tv[N#vcwNvL:N bN*NSl"NO{NO{lQSN0_e l[؏ScCgSl"NO{N(WN'YO Nbhy gN`Q N l[؏SNQ[f\PN'YOvS_0S_6q (WS_NNݏSNOSv~[ (WN'YO N\OQNbhyT tN (g]b sS[Ee\LN[s lb8^ N[Ny(WlQSl NeNUOUtuvQcQ(u0dke ݏSNOSvN^[vQNNbb_c[TP#N0-wm 0lVl NvNOS6R^KNxvz 0 Ye'Yf[UxXe 2009t^10g ,{30-31u0   bNvW,g}T/fVTVvl_SO|:gsQ gyyhbvvy ёOeI{ы 2005t^eSHrN1987t^ ,{342u0  Comment, 47 Mich. L. Rev. 547, 549 (1919); Notes, 3 Chi. L. Rev. 640, 642 (1936); 98 Pa. L. Rev. 401 (1950).  263 N.Y. 323, 189 N.E. 234 (1934).   There shall be no change in said salaries, no change in the amount of capital, or the number of shares, no change or amendment of the by-laws of the corporation or any matters regarding the policy of the business of the corporation or any matters which may in anywise affect, endanger or interfere with the rights of minority stockholders, excepting upon the mutual and unanimous consent of all of the parties hereto. McQuade v. Stoneham, 263 N.Y. 323, 326-7 (1934).   & the stockholders may not, by agreement among themselves, control the directors in the exercise of the judgment vested in them by virtue of their office to elect officers and fix salaries. Their motives may not be questioned so long as their acts are legal. The bad faith or the improper motives of the parties does not change the rule. Directors may not by agreements entered into as stockholders abrogate their independent judgment. 263 N.Y. 323, 328-329 (1934). S Oeyr^KQI{ 0lQSlv~Nm~g 0 WWeI{ы SN'Yf[QHr>y ,{266u0  Decisions: Validity of Contract between Shareholders of  Close Corporation to Control Discretion of Directors, 36 Clum. L. Rev. 836, 837-38 (1936); John E. Meck, Jr., Employment of Corporate Executives by Majority Stockholders, 47 Yale L.J. 1079, 1088-1090 (1938). (WTN{ez-N Meck؏cS1936t^N*NbP6RcNCgRvNOSHeRv$RQHayden v. Beane, 199 N. E. 755 (Mass. 1936)0(WHh-N l[:NN gsQOS-N ScwN:N\SJT >N:NcN&{TlQSSvQNvg'Y)Rv V NNNUOlQqQ?eV{vݏ,{1092u 0  MR_ Oeyr^KQI{fN 0lQSlv~Nm~g 0 ,{266u0  Robert B. Thompson, supra note, 5:3 (p. 5-24).  Robert B. Thompson, supra note, 5:3 (p. 5-25).  Ringling v. Ringling Bros.-Barnum & Bailey Combined Shows, Inc., 29 Del.Ch. 610, 53 A.2d 441 (Sup. Ct.1947).  Abram Chayes, Madame Wagner and the Close Corporation, 73 Harv. L. Rev. 1532, 1541 (1960).   In most respects, the court do hold stockholder's agreements binding on the parties, if fairly entered into and free from fraud. Limitations which the courts still impose will probably be gradually lessened - if not by the courts, then by the legislature. Hornstein, Stockholders' Agreements in the Closely Held Corporation, 59 Yale L.J. 1040, 1056 (1950).  Welch et al., Folk on the Delaware General Corporation Law, Aspen Publishers, 2010, pp. 1012 ff. dkY V 0hQlQSl 0MBCA [dk_N g~ĉ[ l,{7.32ag& & &{T,gagĉ[vNKNvOS (WNNlQSKN gHe& & 0agv[eċcQ OKNMRvhQlQSlN*gbǏNOSvHeR /f\vQN1uSl[te 1udkNuNvS_Yv Nnx['`0e ,{7.32agvĉ[ gRN:NS_NNOT T jR vQlQS~~{tL:Nv gHe'`cOEQRvg& & agvvvv^^(WNnxevlQSb__ NǏ/fbS_NN:NN[svQFUNvv ۏLvTy[c Sb~~vlt ~)RvRM N0cN0lQSKNvQNebvsQ|0 Changes in the Revised Model Business Corporation Act-Amendments Pertaining to Closely Held Corporations: A Report of the Committee on Corporate Laws, 46 Bus. Law. 297, 302 (1990-1991).  NSl[ N w (WN[Ee\L\O:NQeNmKbkv$RO-N gsQOS8^/fhQSON@bqQ Tzv0 NǏ ckYf[@bcQv (WNNHhO-N OS gHe Nd[Ee\LYS_NNel_vQNQeNm R=\{/fRNKNvOS _Nl gt1u N/ecvQ[Ee\L0Robert B. Thompson, supra note, 5:37 (pp. 5-175 ff.).  Frank H. Easterbrook et. al., Corporations and Agency Costs, 38 Stanford Law Review, 271, 281 (1986).  BGHZ 29, 385; Hoffmann-Becking, Der Einfalu schuldrechtlicher Gesellschaftervereinbarungen auf die Rechtsbezihungen in der Kapitalgesellschaft, ZGR 1994, 442, 446 f.  BGH NJW 1987, 1890.  BGHZ 29, 385, 392 f.   Hauptversammlungsbeschlsse knnen wegen eines Verstoes gegen satzungsergnyende Nebenabreden (nur) angefochten werden, wenn alle Aktionre aus der Nebenabrede verpflichtet sind. Seibt, in: Schmidt/Lutter, Aktiengesetz Kommentar, Verlag Dr. Otto Schmidt, 2008, 23 Rn. 68; Noack, Gesellschaftervereinbarungen bei Kapitalgesellschaften, 1994; Zllner, in: Henze/Timm/Westermann (Hrsg.), Gesellschaftsrecht, RWS-Forum 8, 1995, S. 113 ff.; Kleindiek, in: Lutter/Hommelhoff, GmbH-Gesetz Kommentar, 2009, 38 Rn. 15.  Hffer, in: GmbH Grokommentar, 2006, 47 Rn. 84. SY Andreas Pentz:N ^S_ZWcz zNNT Tv:SRSR ݏSNT T SSu:PlKNHeg0Pentz, in MKo, 2008, AktG, 23 Rn. 194 ff.  k @wfW ^(uf^l0Robert B. Thompson, supra note, 5:3.  Ronald Coase, The Nature of the Firm, 4 Economica 386 (1937).  More generally, an organization consists not only of assets, persons, and relationships among persons, but of the rules that organize those assets, persons and relationships. Some of those rules are contractual, but most are bureaucratic in the sense that they are hierarchically adopted and persist over time as persons, assets and relationships come and go. Melvin A. Eisenberg, The Conception That the Corporation is a Nexus of Contracts, and the Dual Nature of the Firm, 24 J. Corp. L. 819, 829 (1999).   Agency is the most pervasive form of business relationship. Just as a sole proprietor and his single employee are in an agency relationship, so are a Fortune 500 company and its president. Bainbridge, Agency, Partnerships & LLCs, Foundation Press, 2004, p. 2. (W_Vl N 1\TON*NNbb:PRvSt Nʑ:NTOgbLNvbL:NwQ gS͑Heg Neb[TOSuHeR SNeb VTO/fTONvTT TOvCg)RINRg~R_^\NTON V _N[TON*NNSuHeRS gN􋤋:NTOgbLN TeN g[vQNTONvNtCg vQbL:N[TOSuHeRv Te NWNNtsQ|[TONSuHeR | S͑bl_L:N 0Christine Windbichler, Gesellschaftsrecht, Verlag C. H. Beck, 22. Aufl., S. 79.  (W_V 9hncNy2000t^v N[hQ~ gPlQSGmbH -N NNpe(W5NN Nv `S97% vQ-NNNpe:N1Nv`S40.8% 2-5Nv`S56.4%0SY 9hnc~ 87%v gPlQS1uNbN~%N0Kornblum/Hampf/Na, GmbHR 2000, 1240. bVl g{|k NOLO NRLCg& & ,{2>k [MR>k@bRNyNNfNbb__Nh:y Tav SN NS_NOO vc\OQQ[ v^1uhQSON(WQ[eN N~{ T0vz ,{42ag S_NOO ^S_NOS_ASNeMRwhQSONFO/f lQSz zS gĉ[bhQSONS g~[vdY 0  019960lN-N~Rw W[,{529S0  eAmYec[Hh g|i_vRg0eAm 0VOl[NhNvl_0WMO0CgRT)RvQz 0 } 0klxvz 0 1999t^,{304g ,{428-429u0  0sQN-NYTD~%ON[YSu~NmT T~~ c6RTDONvYeNpNe g)R[sQ| TDONv-Ne^Nv TINTNllbwɋv YQ 01994t^11g4e  Vc6RTDONvYeNpNe gvc)R[sQ| vQb~S_cNONTDON TINwɋ O-Ne)RvS0R_c[ el_0Rl_Ob -NeS(WTDONcNO N\Owɋv`Q NLOɋCg NllbOl^S_St 0  V]wؚ~NllbN1996t^(W[t/nNN mLɋSAmSaNGON@\L?eQ[ݏlNHh-Nnx S_TDlQSVQSu~~ elck8^LOCg)Re bbv^l_TgvTDNewQ gɋ;NSODfǏ1Ye 勡NeSLwɋ0Lutter, in: Lutter/Hommelhoff, GmbH-Gesetz Kommentar, Verlag Dr. Otto Schmidt, 2009, 13 Rn. 52-54.  [1843] 2 Hare 461 (67 E.R. 189).  S_6q ckYf[@bcQv KN@bNb_bُNĉR 9h,gSV(WNHhNv>yO~Nm̀ofS_eV ckY(W]Ni}Tvveg ~Nm N>eN1uv```S;N[0WMO Sdkq_T lb[lQSɋ`S~l0WMOv`^/f S/fOYpeQĉRQ[vwɋb Nwɋ /fckS_v 0sg 0VvN>muɋSSoSTsNS9ei 0 } 0stl_ċ 0 2009t^,{2g ,{120u0  Marcus Lutter, a.a.O., S. 133.  nI{ 0N>muɋvTt'`W@xN6R^ 0 } 0lf[xvz 0 2004t^,{4g ,{94u0  SbяgNbelb__nxzv NlQ[_KNɋV2006t^lQSl,{994agN N T>muɋ6R^V2006t^lQSl,{260agN N 0  MR_ueN;N  0lQSlf[ 0 ,{336uRzfgagb{ 0(WfNvMWYHhOfN-N ‰pf:Nfnx (WCgl-N Sb$NyL:N:PCgL:NNCg)RSRL:N0:PCgL:NN,hs:NQNNSNKNvT TL:N Cg)RSRL:NR/fT TuHeT[ENNCgvL:N0CglT TvbzNuHev^ NI{NCgvNNbSR0 ueN;N  0<lQSlf[>MWYYef[HhORg 0 ؚI{YeQHr>y ,{186uhg]ligb{ (WHhO㉐gTsQN{Stvf-N \O\CgvSRR:N Cgvly T Cg^\vly $Nek FOvsQtMWYYef[HhORg 0 ؚI{YeQHr>y ,{114uueNgb{ 0  ROwm 0 gP#NlQSCglT TvHeR 0 } 0lf[[ 02007t^,{6g ,{76u0  Y 0q\NwؚblQSla 0ؚlS0200703S ,{35agĉ[ CglT TuHeT SNvNDMWYYef[HhORg 0 ,{186-187uhg]ligb{ 0  020000wm~RW[,{3658S0 gsQvRg ؏SSRpg 0 gP#NlQSNDMWYYef[HhORg 0 ,{187-188u0  S_6q lQS(WSLhye O[hyv'`( g@bP[v^}Nz zYĉ[ Thy{~lQSv TaeSl CN/fhQSONvNa` e NS0  (WS6e-[-N gvlQS(Wz z-Nĉ[YN(Wc glQSN0RN[kOT  ^TcNOBlS_4NeN'YO 1uN'YO[/f&T TavQXclQSNR I{ag>k0ُ>f6qmmN~~NbXTKNvsQ| Np`S_0Wib'YN~~vCgR0 Nwm8RNf@bxvz-N_bJT 0-NVlQSltbJT2009   c6RCg^:WNlQSlt 0 2009t^5g ,{117u0  [-Ndk{|!j|Ƌ^8^nfM NN glQS(WlQSz zl gyrkĉ[v`Q N S_NOegYtCglN[0 gsQvHhO R^ Y 0NOQNNOSv:SR 0 } 0lf[Bg_ 0 2009t^,{9g0  Karsten Schmidt, Gesellschaftsrecht, 2002, p. 1046:PCgN :NxQWKNYRL:N0NT TuHe sS:NNTaKNb Cg)RsSSuSR SNb:Nev:PCgN0 _7 0:PCgNQY~N:PRNObSR 0 } 0-NYlf[ 0 2003t^,{1g ,{23u0Y 0_VllxQ 0,{398agĉ[ :PCgNSNǏN,{ NNzT T \:PCglN,{ NNN 0T TN~z e:PCgNsSSNS:PCgN0WMO0 bVf[N܏N g T7h :N :PCglT TNebz :PCgKNly0N܏ 0T Tl 0 ,{2Hr ,{418u0  Ndk{|k 0ĉRv;Ne/f S_NN gv^KNyr+R~[ RQKNTONSUSeQ[Nvl SNS_Nv^b:NTONevQNTONybQ01udk weg 0TOONl 0-NsQNSN_{(WO9eTOOSTMbb:NTON,{24ag O9eTOOShQSON,{19ag,{2>k vĉ[ ON,{22ag,{1>kvĉ[\(WW[b N vwv0cknxvt ^S_/fSN(WNNTsSS_TONDMWYYef[HhORg 0 ,{114u0  MR_Rpg 0 gP#NlQSNDk0SY >k؏ĉ[ SN(WSe[ gsQ{vfwbV͑'YǏ1Y Nw b(W{v?| ND g_ RSNN NS_Cg0   _^0sgqfɋ _eN0 Nwm[f:ghYO gPlQSI{TOOS~~Hh N[ Nwm^[q\:SNllb[2002][lNFU RW[,{1265S2004t^5g15e N[ Nwm^,{N-N~Nllb[2004]lN-Nl NFU ~W[,{239S2004t^9g24e 0  James Willard Hurst, The legitimacy of the Business Corporation in the Law of United States, 1780-1970, The University Press of Virginia, 1970, Chapter I (pp. 13-57).  (W2006t^lQSl,{28ag,{2>k OMR _Ylb:Ne\LQDINRvBl ^1u]e\LQDINRvN N/flQScQ0Y(W m[^vS] gPlQSɋ_lςwm[wl/elQSNQD*g0RMOHh _lςwm[^Nllb019980m[l~RW[,{1196S_lςwm4^-N~Nllb019980~~W[,{142S -N lb:N  SJTm[^vS] gPlQSNJT_lςwm[wl/elQS|lQSNNsQ| JTQD N0RMO vQݏ~L:NvcO[v/f]4~QDvNvTlCgv EeBlJTe\L4QDINRvCg)R ^1u]QDvNLO SJT;NSODksQNN*ge\LQDINR d^S_TlQS4~Y ؏^S_T] cg4~QDvNbbݏ~#N vĉ[ O N_0vk _V 0 gP#NlQSl 0nxzNN1YCg6R^ Y_V 0 gP#NlQSl 0,{21agĉ[ (Wb^/eNv`b_ N SN[b^/eNNQ!kSNyfNbPJT POvQ(WN*N_[v[PgQe\L/eN &TRsS\vQNl6e0 N[Pg N_\NN*Ng 0_V 0NlQSl 0,{64ag,{1 >kĉ[ [l gSe/eN@bBl>kyvN SNnx[N*N gfJTv^gP gnT\[^NN NQb gvQhyS]/eN,g0 V 0:ylQSl 02002 ,{6.20agd _N g{|y 2008t^ ,{216uN N0  Supra note, Berman, Law and Revolution, p. 220. /O\f Te_NcQ W\KQvُNƋ/f NcknxvSfNl45 0f[Duffu󁤋:N W\KQ8Y'YWll N>yV6R^v:w vv/fbؚe3f>yV6R^v0WMO0Duff, Personality in Roman Private Law, Cambridge University Press, 1938, p. 118.  YeOl-Nv>Vٺy 2001t^ ,{55-71u0  {|k,{1y0  VyrbNS]lQSlgNegIY:N-Wvv;NSV dN8T_lQSlQvl_?eV{0lQSl,g[YI{SVY f gSl|~vNNNHesvV }0yrbNS]vCourt of Chancery(W$N~vYOt^vSS-N [yrbNSN,lQSlZPQNbCS NNv$RQ mS0RlQS6R^veebb :N~%cON3z[vg NNvMRv[-N ~'YYpeyrbNSlQS_\meQ gsQlQSlvɋ0 Perhaps most importantly, practitioners recognize that  [o]utside the takeover process...most Delaware corporations do not find themselves in litigation. The process of decision in the litigated cases has so refined the law, that business planners may usually order their affairs to avoid law suits. This recognition confers on the Court of Chancery one of the highest forms of praise the judiciary can receive.  Rehnquist, The Prominence of the Delaware Court of Chancery in the State-Federal Joint Venture of Providing Justice, 48 Bus. Law 351, 354 (1992-1993).  OY 9hnc_V 0 gP#NlQSl 0,{38ag (WNbMQlQS~%NGeschftsfhrer vBlcNN'YOhQMR gEQRt1uvO~%NS_c[lQSv)Rv SN9hnc_V 0lNɋl 0,{9160940ag3u4NeObNeinstweiligen Rechtsschutz RbhQ0Wybk~%N(WdkgNN[YL:N0Kleindiek, in: Lutter/Hommelhoff, GmbH-Gesetz Kommentar, 2009, 38 Rn. 5.  Hansmann et al., The Essential Role of Organizational Law, 110 Yale L. J. 387, 394 (2000). -NevN~ YNgn`l 0FUN~~vl_~g 0 l_QHr>y 2008t^ ,{53uN N_Θ 0lNOCg  NONl:N-N_ 0 } 0nNSlf[ 0 ,{AS nNS'Yf[QHr>y 2007t^2g ,{156uN N0  (W1855t^NMR Vl N NAQ^Q{ONN g gP#NvOb1844t^NMRu NAQ^Q{ONǑSlQSvb__z 0S_evV g NCS[^Q{ON0ُNONOǏ(WT T-NReQ gP#Nag>kegObON@b gv)Rv Te(WlQSz z0lQS Ty-NReQ gP#NvW[7h 0Hansmann & Kraakman, 110 Yale L. J. 387, 430 (Footnote 62) (2000).   At its essential core, organizational law is property law, not contract law. In particular, organizational law permits the formation of a floating lien on the pool of assets associated with a firm, and permits as well the assignment of pool of assets associated with a firm, and permits as well the assignment of that lien to the constantly changing group of creditors who transact with the firm&  Hansmann et al., The Essential Role of Organizational Law, 110 Yale L.J. 387, 440 (2000).  Hueck, Das Recht der offenen Handelsgesellschaft, 4. Aufl., 1971, 6 II 3a. bV 0lQSl 0,{95ag,{1yvĉ[(WSt NNdkv T0  S_6q dkYv[YL:N N^ gN[vP6R08^:N SNR_#Nz-NTOlQS v[YNfPN1 Nz:NvcvvvL:NbzlQSTO KN_L:N2 :NNTOlQS bzTzsSSN%N NNvQYL:N0^y0uy9j 0O>yl l_f[^Sf 0 ,{12Hr _eX 2010t^ ,{41_uUSz 0NOS 0 SN'Yf[l_UxXkNe 2011t^ ,{9u0  {|LNVXZ\^`bdjDFHJz|~к񮺮кЧЧк hFhIhFhInHo(tHhFhInHtHhFhImHsHjhFhI0JUhIhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtHBlnprHJLN  & * X"`"b"f"l"v"z"|"~""T#\#j#r#z######b$d$f$$$$Z(\(^(,N,T,X,Z,\,^,r......////////////D0F0H00001111hFhInHo(tHjhFhI0JUhIhFhInHtH hFhIR1B2D2F2^4`44444455555556"66677P9R9T9V9<::::z;|;~;<<<<<<<<&=(=*=,=4A6A8A:AAAAB`BbBdB²²²hFhImHsHh\VhInHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhInHo(tH hFhIjhFhI0JUhIhFhInHtH9:|;<<(=6AbBCH$L~MPUWWWXXXYZZ[[\^^`_gdI hWD`hgdIdBfBpBBBBBVCCCCCHH H"H.JK"L$L&L(L8L@LZLbLrLtLLLLLLLLLLLLLLBM|M~MMM@PDPPȻȻ̨Ȼ̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨ȏȇ{hy=EhIH*nHtHhInHtHjhI0JUhFhImHnHsHtHhFhInHo(tH hFhIjhFhI0JUhIhFhInHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhImHnHo(sHtHhImHnHsHtH0PPPPUlUnUvUxUUUUUUUUUzV|VVVWWWWWWWWWWWXXXXXXXXXXYYYZZZZZZZZ[[[[~[[[[\\\\\\\ԹԹ﮹﮹﮹﮹﮹ hFhIhFhImHsHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhInHo(tHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhInHtHjhFhI0JUhIB\\x]|]]]]]$^(^^^^^^^^^^^^^4_<_@_B_D_F_L_Z_^_`_b_d_______``````|a~aaa&bFbbccccccc&e.e2e4e:e@eDeFeHeeeeeehFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtHjhFhI0JUhIhFhInHo(tHhFhInHtHI`_`~accFeeerfrhpiijnkkPll2nnqs&tt0uuvx@zgdI hWD`hgdIeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeef"f,f2fNfVf`fffpfrftfvffffgggggggphrhthvh$i&i.i0iVi\inipiritiiiiiiiiiiiiiǻؤhInHo(tHhFhI\nHo(tHhFhI\nHtHjhFhI0JUhIhFhInHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhInHo(tH@iijjj jjjjjjjjjjj*k,k4k6kLkZklknkpkrktk|k~kkkkkkkkkllll$l&lu@uuuuu&v2vDvLvPvXvZv\v^vbvvvvvvvvvvvvvvxxx x"x*x6x:x>xx,4>ٲ>ٳzzzz<{>յյ{{{ǸԱٱԱ(ٱԱ(ٱԱٱ0ᰪ>}~<80ؐBؘ̒<ĝnv hWD`hgdIgdI{{{{{{{{{{{||8}<}B}D}}}}}}}}}}~~~~XZ\`:<>68:<v~,08@.024TVjŸŸŸŸŸŸŸŸhFhImHsHjhFhI0JUhIhFhInHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhInHo(tHDjl$&x:@|֐ؐڐܐ8<@BDFȻȻȻȻȱȻho4hIB*nHphtH ho4hIB*nHo(phtHhInHtHjhI0JUjhFhI0JUhIhFhI6nHtHhFhInHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhInHo(tH6’ƒȒʒ̒ΒВ jؘ֘ژܘ >ݙܙ$ϸٛɾɲԱ(ٱ0O>Ա(ٱO>ԱٱԱ(ٱԱٱ0ԱٱԱ(ٱ:"$&,2:<>@BJ|>ĝƝȝ8HLPRlnprҢԢآܢ:PŶ䜔h'hInHo(tHhInHo(tHhInHtHjhI0JUhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHsH hFhIjhFhI0JUhIhFhInHtHhFhInHo(tH2PRZ\^lnprtxzУأޣ. tvxzЩةީrtvƻƐƐƅӁh?}1hFhImHsHhFhImHnHsHtHhFhImHnHo(sHtHhFhInHo(tHhFhInHtHjhFhI0JUhIh'hInHtHhInHtHh'hInHo(tHhInHo(tH/vtvz|ĪƪȪʪ$a$gd?}1gdIvx|~ªȪʪhIhIhImHnHsHtHuh?}1jh?}1U:182PP:p?}1. A!"#$%S F`F Icke$e`ea$CJ_HaJmH sH tH P`P Ih 1$$@&`5CJKH,\aJ,nHtHd`d Ih 2$$@&`.5CJKHOJPJQJ\aJ mHnHsHtHP`P Ih 3$$@&`5CJKH\aJ nHtH$A@$ ؞k=W[SOBi@B nfh`2T Ih$x@&a$&5CJ KHOJQJ\^JaJ nHtHboAb I Title Char65CJ KHOJPJQJ\^J_HaJ mH nHsH tHfoQf IHeading 2 Char25CJKHOJPJQJ\_HaJ mHnHsHtH^oa^ IHeading 3 Char*5CJKHPJ\_HaJ mH nHsH tHXoqX IFootnote Text CharCJPJ_HaJmH sH tH ^o^ IHeading 1 Char*5CJKH,PJ\_HaJ,mH nHsH tH "& -  cQ("(gue(p` !8""#z$%=&9'W(,)*~**w+++,v--i./_0G1m1u133)4#556667T777=8999:j:;<=u>*@BCTkr !!#%&-(*++++.,P,,!-A-a---#/;//90011z2223444H5555F66S7c899P:o::<;;<v=>S??u@@@!AAbD,GGGCHH*I=IZICL4MMNPQQ^TTTUUZ %*s w J}(},Q; $r :"#;'(()*x-}-k..//=0I1023G4%5L6X66V7089l:y;W<<>?'A4AvAADBBRDcDDDF$IJJKKMUNOQRTTuUVWlX Y!ZZh]p^u^^G__``a,ab@ccf>gg h+hViipjklTmmmnn,ooo3qq'rLr#t"vwwxKxxyz|K}}\~r~~&ǁKЊ֋Ln?_AYWő..۔fdqәnӚZqƠ? JƧaH[xaR׮°,|/0235689;<WX[00000000000000000000000(000000(00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000(0000(0000000000000000000000000@@0@0@0@0@@0@@@@0@0@@0@@@0@@0@0@0@@@@0@0@@@@0@@0@0@@0@@@0@@@@@@0@0@@0@0@0@0@0@@0@0@@@0@0@0@0@@@0@@@@@0@0@0@0@0@0@@0@@@@@@0@0@@@0@@0@@@0@0@0@0@@@@0@@@@@@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@0@@0@@@0@0@0@0@0@0@00U@0ȑ0@0ȑ0@0ȑ0@0ȑ0@00ȑ0, (((+ (2 V$*>.3.;AKhSW\bmtn~ք։ؔĤn 1dBP\ein0u{jPvʪ_bcefghijklnopqrstvwxyz{}~QN:`_@zvʪ`dmu|Ȫa "%+!_GoBack\[\[jt\#j4]#jt]#j]#j]#jL jL j,L  jlL !jL "jL #j,L $jlL %jL &jlL 'jL (j,L )jlL *jL +jL ,j,L -jlL .jL /jL 0j,L 1jlL 2jL 3jL cknnooqrrsswwwwM ""+[     jknn o oqrrtt|w|w'W*55[ = *urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags PlaceType= *urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags PlaceName9*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsState8*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsCity9*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagsplace;*urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttagschsdate DMX 1112151899199420042430459DayFalse IsLunarDate IsROCDateMonthYear                "%)*s v w { | & ' - .    / : ; J K N O T U \ ^ n o | } V W t u  IJ|}  '(cd   cd *+tu|}+,-/12QSUV+,opQR()BIPQ!"#:;k ()pq#$ghuv(*DFeg8<()mopr` a b f } ~ !!!!8":"""""""""##########z${$%%=&>&&&''9';'((((((((((,).)))))))****2*3*4*5*;*<*=*?*N*P*b*d*~****w+x+++++,,,,,,,,B-C-E-F-]-_-q-r-v-x-|-}---------?.@.M.N.i.k...//////<0=0_0`0q0t000G1I1m1n1u1v11111/2023383=3H33333333334)4*4F4G4#5%555556666&6)6K6L6W6X666666677T7V7777788/808=8>899999999::::;;;;<<V<W<<<s=u===m>o>q>r>u>v>>>>>>>>>>>????????1?5?6?7?8?:?Y?`???*@+@&A'A3A4AuAvA~AAAAA BBBCBDBGBHBIBJBKBLBgBkBlBmBnBoBsBuBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBCCZ@ZEZFZGZHZLZNZ[Z\ZiZjZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ!["[#[$[8[9[V[X[~[[[[[[[[[[[[s\t\\\\\@]A]L]N]T]V]g]h]]]e^h^j^k^n^p^t^u^^^F_J___`` `N`W````` aaaaaaa a+a.aSaXaYaZaaaaaaaaaaabbbb?cCcccccccccddddddff#f'fWf[f]f^fmfof}ffffff=g@ggg h h*h-hWhXhihjhzh{hhhhhhhhhhhh5i9iXi\ijiriiijjjj`kdkfkjkkkkkllCmGmJmQmSmVmmmqmtmwmmn n!n'nnnnnnnnnnnnnooop p!q%q&q(q+q0q2q6qqqqqqqqssuvv!vvvvv.w6w:w=wAwWwawfwwwwwwwwwxxxxz$zzzz{{h{l{{|}}[~^~q~t~~~  (ЁՁ  "'./58@ADIJMPU_bpϊҊՋ؋KNmp>HNPUhnpuWYȎɎ @CDHSVX[VYcgđےߒ  %(-0BE`aΓϓӓԓ-1̔ДҔӔ֔ؔڔݔehcf gkmnpsz wx{~PRdfhirtvwҙՙ 8<ADWX\]hkmpҚ՚!"#$&7=HKMQRSTVY lpx|BFLMӝ՝ם؝8:ݞpsEGsuŠȠ047:>qrR[1w~L§çŧȧ`d9=?@CEGPVXZ]npqrtuwzҩ*flcuwŬȬɬ̬Ԭլ'.45>KMT\̭Эӭխ 37hpİ+.^`qr|~ݱʲ˲{~.0022335689;<X[ $%)*s v w  IJ|}'(cd|}+,QR()PQ"#:; #$ghuvef()pr` a !!8":"""####z${$%%=&>&9';'(((((())******++++++,,------....//////<0=0G1I1/2023333)4*4F4G4#5%55566K6L6W6X66677T7V777/80899999999::::;;;;<<V<W<<<==u>>>>??*+&'34ܴʴٵBB@CX[VYđ-0-0ڔݔehcf pҙՙ mpҚ՚YpsŠȠ>1ŧȧҩܩթɩ*֮İ+.ʴ.0022335689;<X[333333333333333333333333`0022335689;<V[`0022335689;<X[?}1I@``3``| 4BU^Z``@``` `2`h```UnknownGz Times New Roman5Symbol3& z Arial7 |8wiSO_oŖў;[SOSimSun;ўSOSimHei 1hB$GB$GXQ1XQ1$-!),.:;?]}    & 6"0000 0 0 00000 =@\]^([{  0 0 00000;[__HP?I2UserUserOh+'0T    (4<DLUserNormalUser2Microsoft Office Word@F#@.R@$RRXQ՜.+,0 X`t|  Microsoft1_'   !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~      !"#$&'()*+,./012349Root Entry F=TR;1TablelWordDocument<SummaryInformation(%DocumentSummaryInformation8-CompObjm  FMicrosoft Office Word ĵ MSWordDocWord.Document.89q